Real-time pixel based early apple bruise detection using short wave infrared hyperspectral imaging in combination with calibration and glare correction techniques

High speed data processing for online food quality inspection using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is challenging as over hundred spectral images have to be analyzed simultaneously. In this study, a real-time pixel based early apple bruise detection system based on HSI in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) range has been developed. This systems consists of a novel, homogeneous SWIR illumination unit and a line scan camera. The system performance was tested on Jonagold apples bruised less than two hours before scanning. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis was used to discriminate bruised pixel spectra from sound pixel spectra. As the glossiness of many fruit and vegetables limits the accuracy in the detection of defects, several reflectance calibrations and pre-processing techniques were compared for glare correction and maximizing the signal to noise ratio. With the best combination of first derivative and mean centering, followed by image post-processing, this system was able to detect fresh bruises in thirty apples with 98% accuracy at the pixel level with a processing time per apple below 200 ms.     

基于FAHP及GRA的刀具优选方法研究

针对传统层次分析法(AHP)在构建刀具优选判断矩阵时没有考虑评价工程师主观判断的模糊性和指标属性的模糊性,导致刀具优选可信度和准确性降低的问题。分析了影响刀具选择的约束因素,建立了一种两级结构的多目标刀具优选模型,包括刀具的加工时间T、加工质量Q、加工成本C、资源消耗R、环境影响E五个优化目标;提出并设计了基于三角模糊数的模糊层次分析法(FAHP)及灰色关联分析(GRA)法进行求解刀具优选层次模型的算法,在三角模糊数互补判断矩阵传统计算权重方法的基础上,进行了算法优化。结合某航空制造企业叶片榫头铣削刀具优化选择的案例,证明了该方法用于刀具优选是可行且有效的。     

Linear interpolation in a fuzzy information space

An approach to solving a linear interpolation problem in a fuzzy information space is proposed. Two different schemes of interpolation are outlined: a heuristic one, based on the geometrical interpretation of operations, and an optimization one, based on the expansion principle. The results obtained allow performing fuzzy linear prediction. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 2, pp. 55–68, March–April 2006.     

企业专网号码的合理编制

号码是一种有限的资源,虽然企业专网的号码资源比较丰富,但也不能毫无规律随意编制,否则会为将来发展带来意想不到的麻烦,本文叙述了号码编制必须遵循的一些原则,希望对专网的管理人员有一些帮助。     

A general class of simple majority decision rules based on linguistic opinions

In this paper we have introduced a class of decision rules related to simple majority, by considering individual intensities of preference. These intensities will be shown by means of linguistic labels. In order to compare the amount of opinion obtained by each alternative, we have considered the total ordered monoid generated by the sums of the original labels, according to an addition and an ordering. In this general framework different sets of linguistic labels can be employed and these sets can be represented by means of diverse mathematical objects. Moreover, on these mathematical representations of linguistic labels several orderings can be considered. Thus, flexibility is an important feature of this new class of group decision making procedures. Some examples of putting in practice the simple majority decision rules based on linguistic labels are provided, and the main properties of these voting systems are analyzed. It is worth emphasizing that these properties are satisfied for any total ordered monoid, regardless of the mathematical representation of linguistic labels or the ordering used to compare collective opinions.     

关于Smarandache可乘函数的均值研究

本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究Smarandache可乘函数在简单数集中的均值性质,并给出一个有趣的渐近公式。     

Fuzzy Weirstrass theorem and convex fuzzy mappings

The convexity and continuity of fuzzy mappings are defined through a linear ordering and a metric on the set of fuzzy numbers. The local-global minimum property of real-valued convex functions is extended to convex fuzzy mappings. It is proved that a strict local minimizer of a quasiconvex fuzzy mapping is also a strict global minimizer. Characterizations for convex fuzzy mappings and quasiconvex fuzzy mappings are given. In addition, the Weirstrass theorem is extended from real-valued functions to fuzzy mappings.     

Electrochemical and NMR characterizations of mixed polymer electrolytes based on oligoether sulfate and imide salts

Polymer electrolytes based on mixtures of lithium trifluoromethylsulfonylimide, LiTFSI and lithium oligoether sulfates dissolved in poly(oxyethylene) were studied. The properties of these mixed electrolytes i.e. thermal stability, ionic conductivities, transference numbers, diffusion coefficients and electrochemical stabilities were established in a wide range of compositions. A satisfactory compromise was found between high cationic transference numbers and high conductivities, while markedly decreasing the total amount of LiTFSI used. Since lithium oligoether sulfates should be considerably less expensive than LiTFSI and easy to recycle, these mixed polymer electrolytes seem to be promising.     

基于防范机会主义的供应商数量研究

按照综合考虑有效抑制机会主义的负面作用和充分发挥合作的积极作用的准则,构建了供应商数量决策模型,求出了最优供应商数量的解.研究表明:最优供应商数量是合作效益的减函数、机会主义损失的增函数以及交易成本的减函数.若合作带来的供应商边际生产成本的节约相对于机会主义损失更大,买方应选择少供应商,反之,则倾向于多供应商;边际交易成本越大,买方选择的供应商数量应越少.单一供应商策略只适合于合作效益足够大或边际交易成本过大的特殊场合.